![]() ![]() In China, daily passenger volumes of Beijing and Shanghai subways are more than 10 million. Today, huge populations of passengers and limited subway facilities are causing deterioration in indoor subway environments, particularly during rush hours. Compared with cars and buses, the subway is a low-carbon transport mode and is crucial in meeting climate goals. Subways, dubbed “the lifeline of urban development,” connect city regions, relieve road traffic congestion, and provide hubs of interest and commerce in the underground network. With rapid urban development, transit-oriented developments (TODs) and are gradually becoming a new urban model. ![]() Subways, a typical type of urban underground space (UUS), are the most commonly used mode of public transportation, and are gradually becoming an indispensable component of large cities. ![]() Moreover, current comprehensive underground space development affords a possibility for creating flexible spaces that optimize ventilation efficiency, acoustic comfort, and space perception. An understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms and aerodynamic characteristics of various pollutants can help formulate ventilation strategies to reduce pollutant concentrations. Additionally, more research is needed to further examine the design and maintenance of ventilation systems. This, however, requires exposure, threshold data, and thereby necessitates more research into long-term effects, and toxicity as well as epidemiological studies. Assessment and management of health risks associated with subway ventilation is essential to attain a healthy subway environment. On the other hand, ventilation also carries the potential risks of spreading air pollutants or fire smoke through the complex wind environment as well as produces continuous noise. On the one hand, ventilation controls temperature, humidity, and indoor air quality to ensure human comfort and health. Ventilation exerts a notable dual effect on environmental health in a subway station. This paper narratively reviews the environmental and health effects of subway ventilation and discusses the relevant engineering, environmental, and medical aspects in combination. Ventilation is the principal measure for optimizing the complex physical environment in a subway station. Environmental health in subway stations, a typical type of urban underground space, is becoming increasingly important. ![]()
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